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Missing link between mental health disorders and chronic diseases in Iraq war refugees
I believe there are some problems with this article and bringing the research forward to the US. While there is documentation of creativity and bipolar disorder, schizophrenia in the US is seen as decreasing cognition and creativity due to brain damage that occurs as young as childhood. It has been my experience that patient artists and writers are often bipolar, but have not once found that with schizophrenic patients.
The question I have is how the article and research were translated, and how is a disorder defined differently in Sweden. The American system of diagnosis and disorder description is not accepted or followed by all other countries.
Further, one must look deeply at the purpose of creativity in humanity. What is disordered and what is survival of species? What is innate brilliance and what is from dysfunction of the brain?
Dr. Bunch
Posted in bipolar disorder, creativity
I try to filter out most “research” that is questionable.
One other thing you need to know about research: most all research done by pharmaceutical companies is not altruistic research: they have set up the double blind research to prove a point, that their medication works. They never do research comparing it to other meds nor do they look at harmful effects. The research is driven only with proving the medication is effective, and will sell. On the other hand, truly independent research and university research that is not funded or influenced by a private company is highly more valuable.
Nitrous oxide is a gas we’re familiar with in dentist offices and aerosol whip cream. Some research on nitrous and the brain ended up blank but nitric oxide functions in the brain. Likely an secondary writer erred? If you have other info on this and can correct me, please add to the comments. Here are links on nitric oxide in the brain:
Dr. B
Beginning in the mid-2000s, WSU researchers interviewed a random sample of 145 American immigrants who left Iraq before the 1991 Gulf War, and 205 who fled Iraq after the Gulf War began. All were residing in metropolitan Detroit at the time of the study. Study subjects were asked about socio-demographics, pre-migration trauma, how they rated their current health, physician-diagnosed and physician-treated obstructive sleep apnea, somatic disorders and psychosomatic disorders. Those who left Iraq after the war began and suffered from mental disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, and self-rated their physical health as worse than their actual health, were 43 times more likely than pre-Gulf War immigrants to report obstructive sleep apnea (30.2 percent versus 0.7 percent) and later develop major chronic health issues such as cardiovascular disease.
“I was surprised, but we had a specific theory we wanted to test. Changes in the stress system would contribute to sleep apnea. What happens? Maybe it’s the stress that leads to this fractured sleep,” said Bengt Arnetz, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., School of Medicine professor of occupational and environmental health, deputy director of the Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at Wayne State, and the study’s principal investigator and first author. “No one had explored this possible link before, although basic research suggests it as plausible.”
The results are featured in the October 2012 issue of Psychosomatic Medicine, the peer-reviewed journal of the American Psychosomatic Society.
According to the article, “Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, and Health in Immigrants,” obstructive sleep apnea occurs when the muscles supporting the soft palate at the back of the throat relax, but less is known about the reasons behind this neuromuscular malfunctioning.
“It’s a known fact that the more exposure to violence you have, the more likely you are to report PTSD and depression, and the worse your self-rated health is, the more likely your actual health will suffer in five to 10 years,” Arnetz said.
Hikmet Jamil, M.D., Ph.D., professor of occupational and environmental health in WSU’s School of Medicine, and Thomas Templin, Ph.D., research professor in WSU’s College of Nursing, also contributed to the article.
The obstructive sleep apnea and chronic disase link has been observed among many trauma-exposed populations, including refugees, Arnetz said.
“Iraqis were exposed to harsh conditions during the entirety of Saddam Hussein’s more than 20 years of reign. However, trauma and environmental exposures increased measurably and dramatically after the initiation of the 1991 Gulf War,” the article states.
The study can now be used as a model for other populations, including U.S. soldiers returning home from battle.
The multidisciplinary study brought together mental health research, sleep research and chronic disease research, Arnetz said.
He and Jamil were partially supported by the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health (award number R01MH085793).
To further test their ideas, the researchers plan to apply for funding from the National Institutes of Health to collaborate with Safwan Badr, M.D., professor and chief of the School of Medicine’s Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, and Thomas Roth, Ph.D., director of the Henry Ford Sleep Disorders and Research Center.
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